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 In metallurgical applications, electro-magnets are used to stir the molten material or generate dissipative forces to damped melt convection. We developed models for a large number of applications involving magnetic mixing and damping of metallic melt.s. The magnetic force calculations are based on the actual design of the electro-magnet. The calculated forces are, then, coupled to convection in the melt, which itself maybe subject to thermal/solutal buoyancy or surface tension forces.
In one example, we applied our modeling tools to the design of an electro-magnet with the goal of achieving very high magnetic fields in a relatively small volume of molten silicon which was contained in a water-cooled furnace. The figure here shows the 3D magnetic vector potential in the half plane of the iron core; the coils are not shown.
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